Thursday, January 30, 2020
Information Processing Theory Essay Example for Free
Information Processing Theory Essay Information processing is a theoretical approach used to analyze human behavior (psychology) and learning processes (education). Information processing, in the pedagogical perspective, may be defined as the process of acquiring knowledge based on memory structures and information in different stages of information or mental processing. (Think Quest Team, 2007) It deals with thinking, storing, remembering and forgetting information. (NSW HSC Online, 2007) Information processing and the cognitive learning theory are closely associated with each another. This is because their propositions are similar in content. Information processing theory emerged at the dawn of the computer age (Hall, 2007). This theory suggests that memory and computers have common features. Moreover, it proposes that perceived information goes through three stages within the memory structure: sensory registers (where information is perceived and processed through the senses), short-term memory (where information is shortly stored and encoded), and long-term memory (where information is stored for easy retrieval). (NSW HSC Online, 2007) There are several principles that support this theory. First, there is an assumption that the capacity of the memory is limited. This means that at times, there may be barriers that affect processing of information. It is advantageous to identify why there is difficulty in information processing. Through this, resolutions may be formulated to address this issue. Second, there is a need for control mechanism. Control mechanism directs the extent of use of memory capacity. For instance, new information may require more processing than the regular day-to-day tasks. Third, information flow is two-way. We acquire information through our senses, process it in our memory in the same way that we create responses in our memory, and carry them out through our senses. Fourth, the genetic make-up of humans is meant for information processing. For instance, infants do not learn to think from other people. Their curiosity allows them to think and develop their senses. (Huitt, 2003) Information processing applied as an approach in the classroom setting, gains broader meaning and undeniable importance. The theory recommends a variety of techniques and methods to make teaching more efficient. Information processing also provides several tools and procedures that teachers may use to enhance thinking skills and extend mental capacity among the students. The learning process through information processing starts with the activation of schema, defined as the state of existing knowledge structures prior to the introduction of new information. Schema is often altered to accommodate new information. Therefore, new information related to the learnerââ¬â¢s schema is more meaningful to them. (NSW HSC Online, 2007) Activation of schema is followed by acquisition of new information by the learner. Information processing postulates that in processing and in the retrieval of information, it is necessary to ensure that information is significant to the learner for him to be able to relate previous knowledge or schema to new information. The information is processed to fit schema, or in some instances to complement schema. The information is then stored in the long-term memory for future retrieval. There are also various key concepts to remember in applying information processing theory in the classroom setting. First, it is easier to remember significant information. Learners remember information that is interesting and relevant to their personal lives. Second, words are easily remembered based on their position in the text. For instance, words written in the beginning and in the end are easier to remember than words written in the mid area of the text. Third, repetition is efficient for memory retention. Memory retention is best improved through repetition and practice. Fourth, learning should be systematic. When learners make lists to organize lessons learned, information is easier to remember. Fifth, much effort should be exerted in processing information. Information that is processed in depth is easily stored in the long-term memory. Sixth, information processing is affected by schema. If information does not relate to a personââ¬â¢s schema, then there would difficulty in information processing. Lastly, there is a necessity to provide advance organizers for students. Advance organizers aids and prepares the learner for the next lesson. (Huitt, 2003) In the classroom setting, the teacher must come up with a lesson plan that follows a thorough procedure. Systematic procedures must be followed in information processing because there are limitations to memory capacity and thinking processes. Teachers must make sure that purpose of the previous step is achieved before moving on the next step. For instance, activation of schema comes first before the processing of information. To follow this step, the teacher must first provide stimulus that catches the attention of the students. Consequently, the learner perceives and processes this information in his sensory registers and short-term memory, allowing him to respond to the stimulus. The next step is to ensure that the information you teach is retained in the learnerââ¬â¢s long-term memory. This can be achieved by following key concepts previously enumerated. In applying information processing in the classroom setting, keep in mind that its primarily goal is for students to learn by enhancing memory retention and maximizing information processing and capacity. The teacher must be guided with the key concepts and principles governing information processing theory to achieve greater success in meeting educational goals and objectives. References Hall, R. (2007). Information Processing Theory. Retrieved November 22, 2007. http://medialab. umr. edu/rhall/educational_psychology/2001/vl2a/info_new. html Huitt, W. (2003). The Information Processing Approach to Cognition. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved November
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
Homosexual and Religion Essay -- Gays and the Bible
The essay by Peter J. Gomes, entitled ï ¿ ½Homophobic? Read Your Bible,ï ¿ ½ can be analyzed in many ways. The essay discusses the issue of homosexuality as it relates to religion. The Baptist minister provides an unexpected approach to the subject. Mr. Gomesï ¿ ½s thesis statement in this essay is, ï ¿ ½The army of the discontented, eager for clear villains and simple solutions and ready for a crusade in which political self-interest and social anxiety can be cloaked in morality, has found hatred of homosexuality to be the last respectable prejudice of the centuryï ¿ ½ (ï ¿ ½Homophobicï ¿ ½ 414). This essay uses effective evidence to prove the thesis statement while also doing a good job of refuting opposing views. First of all, the evidence that is used in this essay is valid. In a formal argument, any assertion must be backed up with specific, compelling evidence that is accurate, timely, relevant, and sufficient. Such evidence can be data derived from surveys, experiments, observations, and first-hand field investigations or from expert opinion (White 5). Mr. Gomes mentions the verses in the Bible in which the information he is referring to can be found so that the reader can check the verse for themselves. This allows the readers to investigate deeper and form their own opinions. The evidence that he cites is taken directly from the Bible. The Bible is his primary source, not another personï ¿ ½s thoughts or another professorï ¿ ½s notes. In doing this, the information is more likely to be accurate and without bias. Three of the verses from the Bible that he cites are found in the Books of Kings I and II. After investigation, I found these verses to merely discuss prost itution, not homosexuality at all. And anyways, as M... ...backï ¿ ½ writing style allows the reader to follow his point closely without forcing it upon them. Mr. Gomes provides valid evidence to support his thesis statement in this argument. Overall, this argument essay is well stated and well written. WORKS CITED Gomes, Peter J. ï ¿ ½Homophobic? Read Your Bible.ï ¿ ½ Good Reasons With Contemporary Arguments: Reading, Designing, and Writing Effective Arguments. Lester Faigley and Jack Selzer. 2nd ed. New York: Pearson, 2004. 412-14. Gomes, Peter J. The Good Book: Reading the Bible with Mind and Heart. New York: Morrow, 1996. ï ¿ ½Peter J. Gomes.ï ¿ ½ 2001. Biography Resource Center. 17 Feb. 2004 White, Fred D., Simone J. Billings. The Well-Crafted Argument: A Guide and Reader. Boston: Houghton, 2002.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
The Fall of West Rome
The Roman Empire was attacked by the Goths and the Vandals during 190 AD which started the fall of Ancient Rome wherein different parts of the empire had civil wars that caused further deteriorating of Rome. Different tribes like Goths invaded the country since they want to move south to experienced better climate condition that is helpful to their farming. During this time Rome also has poor emperors that cannot handle the job properly. When Emperor Diocletian ruled Rome, he decided that the Empire should be divided into two so that it will be easier to rule, the Western and Eastern Empire was established in which it has its own leader.The problem that Diocletian faced was that more military barrier had to be created in which the Empire cannot support its cost. The taxes were increased which leads to inflation causing the rise of the prices of commodity which causes the leaders to become unfavorable to the people. The Role of Constantine in the Fall of Rome Constantine became Empero r from AD 307 to AD 337 and he tolerated religion in the Roman Empire although he was not a Christian himself, he gave rights to the Christians. He did not taken into consideration that the new monotheistic religion was at odds with the pagan cults of the emperors.He also moved the capital to a new city Constantinople since he believed that Rome as a city was to far from the fundamental areas from a government level, this move was a bad one since it left the western empire vulnerable. The western empire was attacked by the Ostrogoths thru the eastern empire and the western Empire was attacked by the Goths, Franks, Visigoths and Burgundians. The Germanic Barbarians The Germans were exposed to the Roman world by border trade and serving as support to the Roman legions of the empire. The admittance of the barbarians in the army gave way for the complete ââ¬Å"germanizationâ⬠of the Roman army.The internal crisis of the Roman Empire makes the things worst and the barbarians realiz ed it and defeated the Romans in the battle of Adrianople in 378 where the Roman Empire fell. The Franks, Angles, and Saxons which are all German tribes have established their agricultural life, the other tribes like the Goths, Vandals, and Lombards were nomadic but compared to the Romans they were less advanced. Romulus Augustulus was the last Roman emperor in the west and was replaced by the leader of Goths, Odoacer in AD 476 which was also the end of the Roman Empire.
Monday, January 6, 2020
The American Revolution Essay - 1373 Words
In the midst of revolution, influential authors Thomas Paine, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson each speak volumes about the clear vision that is to become independent America. It is the work of these individuals that one may accredit the characterization of America as it stands in the present day. In a country built on ââ¬Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness,â⬠certain values have been deemed favorable by the founding fathers. American political culture has thus been molded into one representative of liberty, equality, democracy, individualism, and nationalism; each of which Paine, Franklin, and Jefferson advocate for in some capacity through their writings. A memorable founding father of the United States of America, Thomas Paine, wrote with a fiery passion to instill the principals of liberty, republicanism, and nationalism in the hearts of revolutionaries who, like Paine, detested and rejected the rule of the English crown over America. Paineââ¬â¢s pamphl ets and other writings would prove to be a large inspiration and final push to those unsure of the necessity of the American Revolution as they were to-the-point pieces which plainly laid the reasoning behind the events taking place. One of Paineââ¬â¢s most famous pamphlets, Common Sense, expresses an urgent call for a separation and rebuilding process in America in order to create a representative republic in place of a tyrannical monarchy. Paine stresses in this document the negative effects that the crown hasShow MoreRelatedThe American Revolution : The Revolution1367 Words à |à 6 PagesThe American Revolution Revolutionizes the World It was the first revolution to majorly succeed and change how people saw their countries, it was the American Revolution. The American Revolution was the first successful revolution against a European empire that provided a model for many other colonial peoples who realized that they too could break away and become self-governing nations (New world Encyclopedia, 1).The American Revolution was vital to history because ideas seen by other countries startedRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution999 Words à |à 4 PagesBetween 1770 and 1776, resistance to imperial change turned into a full-on revolution. The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War, was a time of revolting and political uprising, in which the 13 colonies separated from the British Empire, forming the independent nation known as the United States of America. Though the American Revolution began because the colonies wanted independence from Britain, many important historical events and revolts also lead to the tensions and resistanceRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution1362 Words à |à 6 PagesEvery 4th of July, Americans are told the story of the American Revolution. We remember the oppressed colonists fighting against the tyrannical King George III and the formidable red coats. Patriotic heroes are remembered, evil kings are cursed, and the liberties and freedoms won from the war are celebrated. Though America often likes to look back to the revolution, the question of just how much a revolution was the American Revolution is rarely asked. While the American revolution was not as radicalRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution863 Words à |à 4 PagesThere are many different views on how the American Revolution came to be and how it actually was. One way is that the colonists that had money and were known as the elite were trying to preserve their power from the British and this is what caused the revolutionary war. Then on the other hand bef ore the revolutionary war occurred when the colonists were being over controlled by the British, then in result of the American Revolution the colonists were able to win against the British and become strongerRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution1582 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"The revolution was effected before the war commenced. The revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people.â⬠- John Adams, 1818 This quote means that the revolution actually took place metaphorically before the actually fighting began. It took place in the emotions and thoughts of the Americans. The Road to Revolution After the Seven Yearsââ¬â¢ War created a financial problem for Britain The British tried to shoulder some of the financial responsibilities onto the Americas in the form of variousRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution850 Words à |à 4 PagesIn regards to the American Revolution, the point that armed rebellion became inevitable arrived when after nearly five constant years of American colonist protesting. American s had enough and needed to take a stand for the numerous inequalities they were forced to deal with. It was foreseeable that the American Revolution took place due to the unfair taxes that the British were giving Americans. Also, England was not allowing Americans their freedom, along with violence and the political dominanceRead MoreThe American Revolution. The American Revolution Started1581 Words à |à 7 PagesThe American Revolution The American Revolution started when King George the 3rd decided to make the American Colonies pay a large amount of money for the debt of the French and Indian War by giving the colonist different types of taxes like the Sugar Act in 1764. The sugar Act of 1764 was a British Law that was passed on April 5, 1764, that collected incomes from the 13 colonies. The act put a huge tax on the sugar and molasses that were imported into the colonies which were a huge impact for theRead MoreThe American Revolution1337 Words à |à 6 PagesThe American Revolution was much more than an insurrection against British tariffs and patronage decree. Rather, it was a bureaucratic catastrophe in which colonists from the thirteen American colonies denied the British sovereignty, eradicated the jurisdiction of Great Britain and established the United States of America. The upheaval was a primitive modern revolution in which generality traversed for liberty in the statute of law, constitutional privilege and supremacy. Ensuing years of contentionRead MoreThe American Revolution889 Words à |à 4 PagesThe American Revolution was one of the most vital events in American History lasting form 1775 to 1783, it effected the nation socially, economically and politically. The American Revolution brought upon many changes in America, and freedom of the nation. The Revolutionary War was a stepping stone to what we are as a nation today, it created both short and long-term effects on the world. When wanting to blame a certain side, the British politicians or the American agitators, several key points leadRead MoreThe American Revolution993 Words à |à 4 PagesThe topic of the American Revolution is a topic that has been discussed on multiple levels and is extremely well-known, especially within the United States. The details are a little on the generic and basic side but it is at least understood on some level. Most people are aware of the American standpoint, the what, why, how, and when , but there is much more depth to what occurred. The war was obviously between the Americas and the Mother country of Britain, but there were more than just those two
Saturday, December 28, 2019
An Explosion Of Fear Of The Atomic Bomb - 1991 Words
An Explosion of Fear The Atomic Bomb is a cause of fear, and was a bomb whose creation was pushed by fear, whose decision to be dropped was in part for its psychological effects, and whose meaning has sparked fear in those that made it, and those who know of its power. The fear surrounding the bomb is a unique one that came in a series of waves. The fear was first limited to a specific group of individuals, such as government and military officials, but then made its way to larger groups until the fear became so widespread it was shared among the larger general population. The fear surrounding the Atomic Bomb began with a small group of individuals who feared that the Germans would acquire the Atomic Bomb, as they already had a head start down the path to doing so. If the Germans were to acquire the bomb, it would have surely meant victory for them and serious consequences for those who opposed them in WWII. With the fear of German acquisition of the bomb now on the horizon, the Unit ed States had reason to begin their quest for the Atomic Bomb. The creation of the Atomic Bomb would change war like never before. Distance would no longer be a problem in effective bombing, and war would be short as a result (Brodie 25-26). The way such a bomb could change war was appealing but only if you were on the right side of the bomb. It was the scientistââ¬â¢s first objective to acquire the Atomic Bomb before the Germans, and their second objective was to prevent the nuclear arms raceShow MoreRelatedThe First Atomic Bomb Of The United States1249 Words à |à 5 PagesGermanyââ¬â¢s threat to create the first atomic bomb. Since the United States was not in the war at the time, they did not consider the reality of the threat and did nothing to stop it. However, on March 7, 1940, Einstein sent yet another warning to the United States, urging them to consider development of this dangerous weapon. After agreeing to start manufacturing the bomb, it then became a race to crea te it (ââ¬Å"The First Atomic Bombâ⬠). The initiative for creating the bomb came from Dr. Leo Szilard. SzilardRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb1584 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe choice to drop the atomic bomb or to attempt more land invasions was a choice that shaped the outcome of the war. There were major influences and side effects from the dropping of the atomic bomb and what it did to the country of Japan. Having the option and the weight of the moral decision weighing on Trumanââ¬â¢s shoulders about what decision should be made, he was the only one who was capable of making the decision that shaped the outcome of the war. Having dropped the bomb on Japan, as a statementRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb Of The United States Essay1748 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe first atomic bomb took place near Los Alamos, New Mexico. This atomic bomb testing would forever change the meaning of war. As the atomic bomb was detonated it sent shock-waves all over the world. There was endless research done on the bomb in the United States. The research w as called The Manhattan Engineer District Project but it was more commonly known as The Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was brought by fear of Germany and its atomic research. On account of the fear of GermanyRead MoreThe Manhattan Project1519 Words à |à 7 PagesThe process of building the two atomic bombs was long and hard. The Manhattan project employed 120,000 people, and cost almost $2 billion. Although there were 120,000 Americans working on the project only a select group of scientist knew of the atomic bomb development. Vice president Truman never knew about the development of the bombs until he became president. The axis powers did not know what was going on with the development of the atomic bomb; there was a soviet spy in the project. The sovietRead More Atomic Bomb Essay example1218 Words à |à 5 Pagesdeclared war on the United States. This was nine months after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. In September of that year, Groves, met with Leo Szilard and asked him if making the atomic bomb was possible. Leo told him how an atomic bomb would work, but also that it is impossible to build. General Groves only wanted to hear that an atomic bomb was conceivable in theory and then he knew to start the project. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In October of 1942 Groves went to California to meet with Robert OppenheimerRead MoreHiroshima, By John Hersey1496 Words à |à 6 PagesJohn Hersey once said, ââ¬Å"What has kept the world safe from the bomb since 1945 has not been deterrence, in the sense of fear of specific weapons, so much as it s been memory. The memory of what happened at Hiroshimaâ⬠. Early morning on August the 6th 1945, the United Sates dropped atomic bombs into the city of Hiroshima, Japan. The ââ¬Å"Little Boyâ⬠bomb which was equivalent to 20,000 tons of TNT, destroyed most of the city and killed about 130,000 people. There were few people who survived after thisRead MoreHiroshima Book Review Essay887 Words à |à 4 Pagesjournalist narrative, Hiroshima focuses on the detonation of the atomic bomb, Little Boy, that dropped on the city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Although over one hundred thousand people died in the dropping of the bomb, there were also several surv ivors. John Hersey travelled to Hiroshima to listen to the experiences of six survivors. Hersey uses his book to tell the story of six of these survivors (spanning from the morning the bomb fell to forty years later) through a compilation of interviewsRead MoreEssay on Manhattan Project1664 Words à |à 7 Pagesresearch for the first Atomic bomb was done in the United States, by a group of the best scientists; this research was given the name of amp;quot;The Manhattan Projectamp;quot;. On Monday July 16th, 1945, a countdown for the detonation of the first atomic bomb took place near Los Alamos, New Mexico. This atomic bomb testing would forever change the meaning of war. As the atomic bomb was detonated it sent shock-waves all over the world. There was endless research done on the bomb in the United StatesRead MoreNuclear Weapons Nuclear Warfare Essay1052 Words à |à 5 Pages Throughout half the century of the 19ââ¬â¢s hundreds a period of new advancements in the creations of a bomb had arisen. On August 8th, 1939 President Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein which ended up being the fundamental support in the creation of the Atomic Bomb. There are two types of atomic bombs fusion and fission, the first atomic bomb was created in 1939 by the Manhattan Project, three weeks later after its first test, it was used in an actual war. Itââ¬â¢s capableRead MoreEffects of the Bombing of Hiroshima779 Words à |à 3 PagesWhat is the purpose of an atomic bomb? Itââ¬â¢s a weapon that when detonated, can produce massive amounts of heat and radiation, and dropping one of these devices on a city has the potential to kill and maim hundreds of thousands of people. An estimated 150,000 to 246,000 Japanese citizens from the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki died from two atomic bombs in 1945 (Frequently Asked Questions). Those who survived the bombings had a greater chance of developing various kinds of cancers and diseases, which
Friday, December 20, 2019
Student Success And Support Services Program Essay
Research/Policy Topic Analysis: Student Success and Support Services Program (SSSP) Background The Student Success and Support Program (SSSP) for California community colleges arose as a result of the Senate Bill 1456 with a mission ââ¬Å"to increase California community college student access and success by providing effective core matriculation services, including orientation, assessment and placement, counseling, and other educational planning services, and academic interventions,â⬠or follow-up services for at-risk students (Graillat, Lawrence, Quiaoit Mohr, 2016, p. 4). While this Senate Bill established the SSSP, there were other acts and bills that came before that eventually paved the way for the Student Success and Support Program. The Seymour-Campbell Matriculation Act of 1986 created the matriculation process for continuing and incoming students taking courses for credit. The idea was that there should be an equal educational opportunity across California and that this would be accomplished through having the same educational services across campuses that would help students reach their educational goals (Graillat et al., 2016). Furthermore, in 1990, the Board of Governors (BOG) specified what the regulations would be for implementing the matriculation process (Graillat et al., 2016). In 1997 and 1998, Assembly Bill (AB) 1542 and AB 107 were passed. These bills extended these services to students taking noncredit courses (Graillat et al., 2016). While the goal ofShow MoreRelatedThe Increase Of Service Members Enrolling Into Higher Education Programs784 Words à |à 4 Pagesdramatic increase of service members enrolling into higher education programs due to the implemention of the Post 9/11 GI Bill in August 2009, the focus should be on the creation of a specific office with special trained professionals to service the unique population of military connected and veteran students. In the expectation of increasing the student enrollment of diverse population of military connected and veteran students, Western Michigan University (WMU), establishes a support system to respondRead MoreTop Quality Consulting Professional Educational Services989 Words à |à 4 PagesExecutive Summary YGA will provide top-quality consulting professional educational services. YGA is start-up limited liability company (LLC) consisting of three principal officers, ( Golail Alshehri ) BA in economics and dministration ( 35% ), (Alberto Calderon ) BA in finance and economics ( 35%) , and ( Yookyung Shin ) BA in Marketing ( 30% ) . we will be investing our own capital into the company to cover start-up costs and future growth. Our company plans to use its customer base to generateRead MoreThe Goal Of Trio Student Support Services At Pulaski Technical College Essay873 Words à |à 4 PagesHigher Education Act became law. The first three programs established under the new Higher Education Act were, Upward Bound, Talent Search, and Student support services. Together this ââ¬Å"Trioâ⬠of federally funded programs encouraged access to higher education for low income students. Currently, there are eight programs administered under the Higher Education Act that target to serve and assist low income individuals, first-generation college students, and individuals with disabilities to progress throughRead MoreLibraries Are The Center Of Academic Life924 Words à |à 4 Pagescollaborating with other students and hanging out with friends. It is important that students have a place that they feel comfortable in. Undergraduates students consider the library the most important place during their four years of study. The relationship between the library and studentsââ¬â¢ has been investigated by many librarians and information professionals from different perspectives. Scholars have researched if there is a direct correlation between library services and studentsââ¬â¢ success rates. Some ofRead MoreThe Extended Opportunity Programs And Services Case Study858 Words à |à 4 PagesIntroduction The Extended Opportunity Programs and Services (EOPS) is a state-funded program available at all community colleges in California. The program is designed to support first-generation, low-income and disadvantaged students who historically have been underrepresented in higher education. As part of The Student Support Services program (SSS), EOPS provides eligible students with ââ¬Å"above and beyondâ⬠services such as counseling and academic support to complete academic goals as well as financialRead MoreThe Latino And Latino Community1610 Words à |à 7 Pagesprocess, all serve as unfortunate barriers that keep Hispanic/Latino students from reaching the goal of attaining college degrees. Although these barriers keep many students from succeeding, many others overcome these obstacles and continue on their paths to creating a better future for themselves. They choose to look past the expectations that society has for them and break out of the stereotypical mold. However, Hisp anic/Latino students face, yet, another challenge upon successfully making it on toRead MorePrimary Functions Of The Professional School Counselor846 Words à |à 4 Pages2012). To support the current school reform movement, school counselors focus on standards that students should be able to accomplish because of their participation in a school counseling program (Wilkerson, 2010). It is suggested that these standards help to support studentsââ¬â¢ ability to be ready to learn (Wilkerson, 2010). Through the use of these standards, professional school counselors have a primary responsibility to provide effective services to support students in their academic success, careerRead MoreIs It Effective For Perseverance Community College?1650 Words à |à 7 Pagespicturesâ⬠, the organizational structure is designed with an eye toward desired end results (Bolman and Deal, 2013). Furthermore, according to the local student services policies, the nature of the environment is to ens ure the success of the students (Bolman and Deal, 2013). Conversely, all roles from VP to associates are essential in the student services division. The thought is ââ¬Å"one body, one goalâ⬠(a team effort). Researchers call this type structure the ââ¬Å"all ââ¬âchannel network (Bolman and Deal, 2013)Read MoreCollege Is Not Just About Receiving Good Grades842 Words à |à 4 Pagesas valuable for students to get involved in student support programs and extracurricular activities such as internships, community involvement and leaderships. The reason why it s important for students to get involved is so they can apply what they learn in the classroom into practice, gain social skills, develop leadership skills and learn time management skills. Moreover, what make it more respected is the skills gained from extracurricular activities and student support programs such as networkingRead MoreObp Case Study919 Words à |à 4 PagesObjective 2.1 Improve Academic Skills of OPC Participants (Target: 50% of enrolled OPC students will c omplete two required courses per Fall Spring semesters) In Year 3, the OPC Coordinators implemented the use of individualized service menus that represented an agreement between student and program of the studentââ¬â¢s commitment to engaging in various academic success strategies and retention supports. The menus prioritized some activities and allowed greater choice among other others. In Year Four
Thursday, December 12, 2019
Parrots free essay sample
The parrots are a broad order of more than 350 birds. Macaws, Amazons, lorikeets, lovebirds, cockatoos and many others are all considered parrots. Though there is great diversity among these birds, there are similarities as well. All parrots have curved beaks and all are zygodactyls, meaning they have four toes on each foot, two pointing forward and two projecting backward. Most parrots eat fruit, flowers, buds, nuts, seeds, and some small creatures such as insects. Parrots are found in warm climates all over most of the world. The greatest diversities exist in Australasia, Central America, and South America. Many parrots are kept as pets, especially macaws, Amazon parrots, cockatiels, parakeets, and cockatoos. These birds have been popular companions throughout history because they are intelligent, charismatic, colorful, and musical. Some birds can imitate many nonavian sounds, including human speech. The male African gray parrot (Psittacus erithacus) is the most accomplished user of human speech in the animal world; this rain forest-dweller is an uncanny mimic. Currently the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) bans the sale of any wild-caught species, yet the parrots popularity continues to drive illegal trade. Some parrot species are highly endangered. In other cases, once tame birds have reproduced in the wild and established thriving feral populations in foreign ecosystems. The monk (green) parakeet, for example, now lives in several U. S. states. Parrots are fine-looking birds, mainly found inhabiting tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Grouped into two families, Psittacidae (true parrots) and Cacatuidae (cockatoos), they include as many as 350 species within their order. A parrot can be described as a bird with a strong curved beak, erect carriage, strong legs and clawed zygodactyl feet. Most of its species are green in color, with a few being multi-colored. Parrots are counted amongst the most intelligent birds and are very popular as pets. Given below are a number of interesting facts and some amazing information on parrots. Interesting and Amazing Information on Parrots * While eating, parrots hold their food in one of their feet, which can be either left or right, making parrots left as well as right handed. * Parrots, when not nesting, live in groups known as flocks and are prone to squawking and screaming. * Parrots, mainly pet ones, are very good at mimicking. They can easily imitate the speech and calls of other birds and animals, even humans. African gray parrots are the best mimics. * Parrots are zygodactyls i. e. they have four toes on each foot. Two of their toes point forward and two point backward. * Most of the parrots build their nests in holes in trees, termite mounts, rock cavities or ground tunnels. Only a few build stick nests. * Wild Macaws and Cockatoos can fly up to 500 miles in a day, while searching for food. * The vocalizations of some parrots can be heard for up to 1 mile. * Larger parrots can live more than 75 years, while smaller ones live up to 15 years only. Parrots cannot eat chocolate because it is poisonous to their body. * Parrots have a thick muscular tongue that helps them eat fruit, seeds, buds, nectar, and pollen. Parrots in danger. Some parrots are in danger of extinction. This includes the Spixs Macaw, of which only 7 survive in captivity. Naturalists once thought they had completely disappeared from the wild, but one was seen spotted flying in the South American rainforest. Breeding efforts have been stepped out to increase the parrotsââ¬â¢ numbers. Three hundred and twenty-eight different species of parrots live on the Earth. Parrots are divided into groups such as cockatoos, lories, lovebirds, macaws, and parakeets. Parrotsà range in size from the pygmy of the South Pacific which is only 3? inches long to the hyacinth macaw which is about 10 inches long. Much of its length is in its long tail. Parrots weigh from just a few ounces to 3? pounds. Most parrots are predominantly green, especially the ones from South America. Some American parrots are mostly blue or yellow. However, parrots may have red, green, blue, purple, white, pink, brown, yellow, and even black. They have large heads and short necks. The zygodactyolus feet of the parrot have two toes that point backwards and two toes that point forward. These toes make the parrot excellent climbers. Smaller parrots live 10 to 15 years. Larger parrots such as the macaws and cockatoos live more than 75 years. These birds reach maturity in 1 to 4 years. Wild parrotsà live in the forest of tropical zones including South America, Australia, and New Guinea. A few live in Africa and mainland Asia. Parrots are hole nesters. They build their nests in holes in trees, termite mounts, rock cavities, or ground tunnels. A few exceptions will build stick nests. The thick muscular tongue helps the parrot eat fruit, seeds, buds, nectar, and pollen. Sometimes they will eat insects. Their strong beak is hooked. They feed their young by regurgitation. Parrots have a wide range of articulations. Wild parrots do not imitate. Only pets will mimic people and noises they hear. The African gray parrots are the best mimics. Some species of the parrot have become endangered. Thousands are brought to Europe and North America as pets. Many of these die making this journey. Even though there are so many different looking parrots they actually only consist of two major groups. They run the gamut from parakeets and lovebirds to amazons and macaws. These two groups are psittacidae family and cacutaidae family. The cacutaidae family has a movable head crest while the psittacidae are distinguished by their many vibrant colors. There is also a difference between these two groups in their skeletal structure and some of their biological makeup. Parrots have played a sizable role in history. There are Egyptian hieroglyphics going back 4000 years which indicate that they were pets of royal families. There are also references to them during the Greek and Roman times. Many famous historical figures, such as Winston Churchill and King Henry VIII were parrot owners as well. I find it quite interesting that even though parrots have such vibrant and varied coloring their eggs are just plain white! Parrot fossils that have been found in Europe show that the modern parrots ancestors go as far back as the Eocene period and are 50 million years old. Fossils that relate more closely to todays parrots in terms of bone structure and appearance are about 23 million years old. Even though parrots largely eat fruit, seeds, buds, nectar, and pollen in the wild they are somewhat omniverous. Sometimes they will eat insects. The ââ¬Å"gourmetsâ⬠of the parrot world, the Golden-winged Parakeets like to eat water snails and the New Zealand Kees scavenge abandoned sheep carcasses. They possess a strong, hooked beak that helps them crack nuts and have a thick muscular tongue. They feed their young by regurgitation to help them with digestion. Another interesting parrot fact is that, for the most part, parrots nest in holes. While there are a few exceptions that build regular nests, most build their homes in holes in trees, rock cavities, ground tunnels and even occasionally in termite mounds. Wild parrots can mostly be found in the tropical areas in South America, Australia, and New Guinea. Some species come from Africa and the Asian mainland. Parrots come in many shapes and sizes. The pygmy parrot of New Guinea is 3? inches long while the hyacinth macaw is closer to 40 inches long. Some macaws can grow up to five feet in length (including their tail feathers). Parrots can weigh anywhere from just a few ounces to 3? pounds. Another unique and interesting parrot trait is their zygodactyl feet. This means that parrots have two toes that point backwards and two toes that point forward. This trait makes them extremely agile. They are excellent climbers and excellent at coordinating their beaks and feet to accomplish many interesting feats. Some species of parrots are in danger of extinction. Conservation efforts are underway avoid this. The Spixs Macaw is one of the endangered species and there are only 7 in captivity. Captive breeding programs are a step in the right direction, increasing the numbers of endangered parrots. Education geared towards increasing awareness of this issue will go a long way towards correcting the problem. Probably the thing that parrots are most famous for is their ability to talk. What they are actually doing is mimicry or imitation. Oddly enough one of the more curious parrots facts is that they donââ¬â¢t have vocal cords. They produce sound by pushing air out of their trachea and control their pitch by changing the shape and depth of the trachea. Their ââ¬Ëtalkingââ¬â¢ is actually more comparable to human whistling. With their impressive range of vocalizations parrots mimic bells, buzzers and many other sounds in addition to human speech. African Gray Parrots are said to be the best mimics of the parrot family. They are also highly intelligent and donââ¬â¢t just mimic, but learn associations for the words they say. Many can associate colors, shapes, numbers, sizes and more! Future parrot owners bewareâ⬠¦ parrots in the wild and as flocks are some of the noisiest birds there are. It is said that some parrot vocalizations can be heard from as far as a mile away. For you, this may be one of the most important parrots facts! Whether captured in the wild or born in captivity, parrots are not domesticated animals like cats and dogs. They are still wild animals.
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